282: Initiatives to Promote Self-reliance (Atmanirbharta)

The Ministry of Defence has been allocated a total budget of Rs 5.25 lakh crore for the Financial Year 2022-23. The total allocation under Capital Outlay of the Defence Services is 1.52 lakh crore. The focus is on modernisation of Defence Services and Defence Security Infrastructure development.

 

68 per cent of the capital procurement budget will be earmarked for domestic industry. This is to reduce imports and promote Atmanirbharta in equipment for the Armed Forces. While Defence R&D will be opened up for industry, start-ups and academia, Private industry will also be encouraged to take up design and development of military platforms and equipment.

 

Self-reliance is Crucial

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273: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND AIR DEFENCE

 

Centre of Air Power published a book titled “Air Power & Emerging Technologies”.

 

This article is one of the chapter in the book.

 

It may be said that warfare has acquired a new phase – technological war. The kind and quality of systems that a nation develops can decide the battle in advance and make the final conflict a mere formality or can bypass conflict altogether.

 – Gen Bernard Schriever

Introduction

The origin of warfare is coincident with the origin of living beings. Human beings have made it into a specialised art by applying the knowledge of science to it. The nature of warfare is constantly changing with advancements in technology. Warfare essentially has two facets, offensive and defensive. Offensive action is aimed at causing damage to the enemy and defensive action is to save oneself from the enemy offensive action. In the olden days of fighting with handheld weapons, swords were used as an offensive weapon and shields were used to protect oneself.

Airpower appeared on the warfare scene quite recently as compared to other domains of warfare. Aviation itself started about 120 years back however, within a very short time it made forays into warfare giving birth to a new service. Warfare since then has gone through a rapid change with the use of the third dimension of air and space. Air warfare also has two facets of offensive application of airpower and defensive actions to mitigate the enemy’s offensive air actions. In air warfare, the division between the offensive and defensive campaigns is not as simple as it seems. The two campaigns are intrinsically interconnected.

In the last decade, the Air Defence (AD) operations have undergone an extensive change with new technologies being employed. Research is already in progress on new technologies like Quantum computing, Artificial Intelligence, Hypersonic, Nano Technologies and unmanned systems etc. These new technologies will have a transformational impact on the AD as well. It is worthwhile to trace the historical evolution of AD operations over the years, take stock of the present situation and crystal gaze into the future.

 

AD perspective

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